The 'illiberal' turn in C Level Executive List Central and Eastern Europe has ended post-Cold War liberal hopes. Three recent books try to explain how it was possible that, in less than three decades, history has C Level Executive List encountered new forms of authoritarianism. But the theses of totalitarianism, whether progressive or conservative, are incapable of understanding the endogenous tendencies of authoritarianism in these countries (and also the drift of Donald C Level Executive List Trump's the United States). Eastern Europe: Lost Dreams of '89 Liberals.
The era of Western liberal C Level Executive List hegemony opened by the Eastern European revolutions in 1989 has come to an end. Many participating observers of those revolutions have wondered why a liberal C Level Executive List millennium that was supposed to last forever came to an end after 25 years, to make way for neo-nationalist and authoritarian leaders around the world. Three recent books represent the first round of debate on the topic: The Road to Unfreedom, by Timothy Snyder (2018)one, The Light That Goes Out, by Ivan Krastev and C Level Executive List Stephen Holmes (2019)two, and The Twilight of Democracy, by Anne Applebaum (2020)3.
All of these authors place Central and C Level Executive List Eastern Europe at the center of their analysis, noting the rise and shift to the right of Viktor Orbán and Fidesz in Hungary and the Law and Justice (pis) party in Poland, and wondering why Values that seemed ascendant in the liberal C Level Executive List democratic West were so quickly displaced by national-conservatism, anti-Semitism, xenophobia and authoritarianism. What was it that took Central and Eastern Europe and then the rest of the West off course? I. Applebaum and Snyder respectively represent the center-right and center-left wings of a post-1989 anti-totalitarian consensus in which the C Level Executive List greatest threat to democracy is not a particular ideology but totalitarianism itself.